Effects of multicomponent exercises on muscle strength and balance in frail older: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials| JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS
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DOI: 10.36150/2499-6564-N850
Clinical Geriatrics - Reviews
Published: 2025-12-16
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Effects of multicomponent exercises on muscle strength and balance in frail older: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Health Sciences Laboratory, Estácio de Sá University, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Corresponding author - diegamalin@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2901-3273
Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3590-6875
Postgraduate Program in Physical Exercise and Health, Porto University, Portugal
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0096-7727
Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-8550
Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0501-3412
Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8606-0500
Pará State University and Federal Institute of Pará, Pará, Brazil
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2971-8505
Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3049-8773
balance frail older multicomponent exercise strenght

Abstract

Objective. To analyze the effects of multicomponent exercises on muscle strength and balance in frail older individuals.
Methods. This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA criteria. The databases used were MEDLINE (via PubMed), SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, and SciELO. Eligible RCTs in this study were evaluated using Rob 2, and TESTEX was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies and reports. RevMan was used to analyze the meta-analysis and the GRADE tool to assess the level of evidence.
Results. A total of 1538 publications were found and after using the selection criteria, 13 RCTs were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The assessment instruments used to assess balance were the Time Up Go, Dynamic Sitting Balance and Berg Balance Scale, and for muscle strength the handgrip test and knee flexion and extension strength. In the analysis of the balance variable, the estimated mean SMD was 0.43, [-0.18 to 1.03], p = 0.17, I² = 92%. In the variable muscular strength, the estimated mean SMD was 0.27 [0.12 to 0.42], p = 0.0003, I² = 41%.
Conclusions. This meta-analysis found that multicomponent exercises improve muscular strength but do not improve balance in frail older individuals.

Affiliations

Diego Gama Linhares

Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Health Sciences Laboratory, Estácio de Sá University, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Corresponding author - diegamalin@gmail.com

Ana Beatriz Moreira de Carvalho Monteiro

Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Bruno Gama Linhares

Postgraduate Program in Physical Exercise and Health, Porto University, Portugal

Giullio Cesar Pereira Sallustiano Mallen da Silva

Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Luciano Lima dos Santos

Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Lilliany de Souza Cordeiro

Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Claudio Joaquim Borba-Pinheiro

Pará State University and Federal Institute of Pará, Pará, Brazil

Rodrigo Gomes de Souza vale

Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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© JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS , 2025

How to Cite

[1]
Gama Linhares, D., Moreira de Carvalho Monteiro, A.B., Gama Linhares , B., Pereira Sallustiano Mallen da Silva, G.C., Lima dos Santos, L., de Souza Cordeiro, L., Joaquim Borba-Pinheiro, C. and Gomes de Souza vale, R. 2025. Effects of multicomponent exercises on muscle strength and balance in frail older: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS. (Dec. 2025), 1-11. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36150/2499-6564-N850.
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